Forget the basics of supply and demand, just find someone to blame.
As Congress takes new aim at speculators for the high price of gasoline, some media reports seem to be following suit. But as The Biz Flog explains this week, there is considerable debate over whether speculators should be blamed for the high cost of oil.
June 23, the same day Democrats on the House Energy and Commerce Committee condemned oil speculators, the "CBS Evening News" and ABC's "World News" blamed oil speculation for a large chunk of the spike in prices.
"There's no doubt speculation plays a role in the skyrocketing price, but how much?" ABC correspondent Ryan Owens said June 23. "Experts say if it were just simple supply and demand a barrel would cost $75. Today it closed north of $135."
Scott Horsley explained oil speculation on June 29 for National Public Radio's "All Things Considered," where he pointed out that there have always been financial players in the oil market and there is still a debate over what influence they really have.
Alan Reynolds, a senior fellow with the Cato Institute, said it is fundamentally incorrect to blame speculators.
"There is no mystery behind the rise in oil prices. They rose too high too fast because of booming demand for oil for petrochemical products, electric power and shipping from many emerging economies (particularly China, India and the Middle East)," Reynolds wrote for the New York Post on June 20.
The Biz Flog for June 11 looked at rising demand outside of the United States, looking particularly at countries that subsidize their gas domestically. When the price for a gallon of gas is subsidized in developing countries like China and India, the demand goes up globally-leading to higher gas prices here in the United States.
—Paul Detrick is a research analyst at the Business & Media Institute.




















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Who are the "experts"?
July 9, 2008 - 15:07 ET by nkviking75ABC correspondent Ryan Owens said June 23. "Experts say if it were just
simple supply and demand a barrel would cost $75. Today it closed north
of $135."
Who are the "experts"? And why is Owens hiding their identity? It's not as if they're vulnerable to a mob hit if their names are revealed. Reporters, and especially network TV reporters, need to be called on this kind of crap.
When you put the clowns in charge, don't be surprised when a circus breaks out.
Those aren't experts
July 9, 2008 - 15:14 ET by Cool ArrowLet's see
86 million barels/day = demand
84 million barrels/day = supply
My calculator says price will rise until price = demand.
So now we can cut back on consumption, but any surplus created by our austerity is easily gobbled up in eveloping countries.
Nope they ain't experts.
Paul Detrick - You And Noel Sheppard Should Debate
July 9, 2008 - 15:53 ET by zeestephenPaul,
Noel Sheppard, writing at NRO's Planet Gore, has forcefully cited speculation as the primary factor in the high price of oil.
Noel has urged a number of market constraints, like position limits on London ICE trading, to reduce speculation and bring down the price.
A NewsBusters debate on this issue would be very informative.
You are spot on in your
July 9, 2008 - 15:15 ET by Free ThinkerYou are spot on in your assessment of hiding the "experts". I also would add that none of these news organizations know what a "speculator" does or ever say who they are. I have yet to hear that explained on air. Supply and demand work hand in hand with the role of these "speculators" whose jobs are to reduce risk. This also makes it curious to hear the left automatically state that drilling in the US would have no immediate impact. I do know it would have an immediate impact on any "speculator" who is doing their job.
There is an easy way to
July 9, 2008 - 15:27 ET by BruzillaThere is an easy way to tell if speculators or supply and demand are driving prices. If a condition occurs that effects supply or demand (a war breaks out, a pipeline fails, a refinery burns down, etc.) and the price goes up, the increase is due to supply and demand.
If no condition occurs, but is just talked about (the fear of a war, concerns about bad weather, worries about refinery failures, etc.) and the price goes up, it's because of speculators betting the price will go up and snapping up available oil futures at a higher price in the hopes that the price will go even higher.
Lastly, look at the recent increase in Saudi oil production. In a true supply& demand environment, the price would have gone down. Instead it remained steady. This is because there is no risk of the oil market collapsing, so more oil just means more futures to be bought by investors, which is why the price remained high.
Speculators cause price increases?
July 9, 2008 - 15:16 ET by ChuckM from PAIt just doesn't make sense to me. If I were buying oil futures, speculating on what the prices will be in the future, I would look for the cheapest oil, not the most expensive. So, wouldn't it rather be that speculation should drive DOWN the price, not up? (I'm confused.)
Speculators have a veted
July 9, 2008 - 15:24 ET by bassndudeSpeculators have a veted interest in the increase of prices they are buying. Buy at what ever price today, and sell tomorrow for a higher price. Speculators can manipulate the price of any stock, if there is enough of them.
Save a SeAL, club a liberal!!
buy low, sell high
July 9, 2008 - 15:29 ET by ChuckM from PABut they will still want to buy low, in order to sell high.
Speculators don't worry
July 9, 2008 - 15:33 ET by BruzillaSpeculators don't worry about current price. They worry about risk and the future price. Oil at $143/barrel seems high, but when predictions of oil going to $150/$160 are made by analysts, then it's worth the investment to snap up a couple hundred thousand barrels worth of futures. As to risk, there is very, very, little risk in the oil market, which is what's attracting so many investors. Most investments involve some risk, i.e., home sales can decline, a breakout of some contamination can cause sales of some food item to decline, etc. But there is no risk that people on a large scale will suddenly say "I don't want any more oil", so oil is offering investors the best income/risk balance, which is why they are flocking to it.
blame the analysts
July 9, 2008 - 15:38 ET by ChuckM from PAThanks for your explanation. What you say makes some sense in this muddled mess.
So all we need is for the analysts to forecast the price to go down and all of this will stop (like that will ever happen).
Several things need to
July 9, 2008 - 15:44 ET by BruzillaSeveral things need to happen. The first is for the media to continue to expose the speculators and what they are doing to our economy. The next thing is to change the 2006 law change that allowed West Texas Intermediate Crude (WTIC) to be traded on the London ICE Futures market. Lastly, we need to start treating oil that is critical to the daily lives of Americans the same way we treat the distribution of similar commodities like electricity and water.
Completely wrong on every
July 10, 2008 - 06:52 ET by dscottCompletely wrong on every count. Are you claiming the price of oil when it was at $70/barrel was the result of government regulation like electricity and water??? NOT Are you claiming the price of oil at $40/barrel was a result of government regulation??? NOT How about $10/barrel? NOT
The price of oil is determined by customer demand. The Dems constricted supply and took away the buffer of excess supply which led to the price spikes. The only government action that would bring the price of oil down is to STOP the meddling in the supply market. Congress is directly responsible for the number and timing of leases sold to the oil and gas companies.
Nancy Pelosi and Harry Reid, starving the poor one gallon of ethanol at a time. Fill your tank with E85 and cull a village.
Not buying it...
July 9, 2008 - 15:18 ET by Parker1227And greedy speculators didn't have anything to do with the housing bubble, or the tech stock bubble either.
Riiight! But it is a free market, and there is definitely a big demand squeeze. In the end, if we decrease dependence on fascist Middle East oil - thats a good thing.
Plus, if Iran gets clobbered - like they deserve - then some of that risk is already built into the speculated price, creating a kind of buffer.
Sadly there is no buffer.
July 9, 2008 - 15:39 ET by BruzillaSadly there is no buffer. The way that the refiners operate is to price their products on a prospective basis, meaning what the price of future oil will cost, not current. This is why the spot market price for gasoline goes up as soon as there's an increase in the price of oil, even though the oil that's being processed was bought at a lower price.
If something happens that drives oil to $150, $160, etc., the refiners will boost the price accordingly even though they won't see that oil for another six months or so and all the oil being refined was bought at a much lower price.
The only folks I hear
July 9, 2008 - 15:20 ET by BruzillaThe only folks I hear defending the speculators seem to be people representing the speculators... so big surprise. What these folks never seem to mention is that since 2006, US oil and energy traders are largely off the US-regulated futures markets and are now trading on the London market where there are no regulations.
Another thing these folks love to mention are the drastic increases in demand in India and China, which are increasing at about 5% and 7% per year, while the US is increasing at less than 1% a year. These increases in India and China sound substantial until you take into account what they are a percentage of. Current Indian demand is all of about 2 million barrels a day (about what the US imports from Mexico every day) and the Chinese are at about 6 million a day. That sounds like a lot until you consider the US consumes about 23 million a day. Expressed as a percentage (as it always is), the increases in India and China sound significant, but when you look at the actual numbers they are a drop in the bucket of global supply.
Actual supply and demand issues quit being the prime factor in oil prices in January 2006, and the speculators have been driving the market since then.
Ok, I'm defending the
July 9, 2008 - 16:02 ET by dscottOk, I'm defending the speculators and I don't represent them.
http://conservablogs.com/publiusforum/2008/07/05/another-liberal-myth-%e2%80%93-the-us-has-no-energy-policy/
There is a lot of blameshifting going on. The Dems don't want to take responsibility for 30 years of incompetence that led to this result. Oil supplies are tight because of combination of Dem incompetence and growing world demand for oil and gas. Speculators only REACT to the conditions present, they don't create them. Shooting the messenger does not solve the problem.
The price of any product IS NOT PROPORTIONAL to it's supply, price is a function of competition either by the supplier or the consumer. In a tight supply market or shortage, the price rises EXPONENTIALLY to limit demand and encourage the creation of more supply.
Southwest Airlines is a good example of what prudent buying in the futures market can do for a consumer, it takes a speculator at the other end of the deal to accomplish this task. Without the speculator it would be very difficult to determine the true value of oil. The price of any product or service is determined by the value a customer assigns it. When there are more customers than supply, the customers compete against each other to bid up the price. The most fundamental mistake a person can make is to think that the price of any product is just the cost plus profit margin. The price is solely determined by the consumer's demand in relation to supply. You over price something, the customer stops demanding or finds an alternative.
What really happened here was the Dems and their environmentalist fanatics wanted to pursue their panacea of an oil free economy, since alternative energy is way more expensive than oil, they had to raise the price of oil by constricting supply. Libs aren't stupid, they knew very well what they were doing by putting drilling here off limits. This is why libs want the price of gasoline to match Europe ($9/gallon), but like Obama said they wanted it more gradually and preferred that rise to be taxes putting money in the treasury. This is why they are having heartburn with the oil companies, the money didn't magically go to the treasury.
Nancy Pelosi and Harry Reid, starving the poor one gallon of ethanol at a time. Fill your tank with E85 and cull a village.
Good explanation
July 9, 2008 - 20:30 ET by mvfreemanI used to think that speculators were the root of all evil until I began to understand their purpose.
Your mention of airlines is an excellent example.
http://brain-termina...
It all boils down to what people are willing to pay for a product.
More than “a drop in the bucket”
July 9, 2008 - 21:01 ET by needle“Expressed as a percentage (as it always is), the increases in India and China sound significant, but when you look at the actual numbers they are a drop in the bucket of global supply.”
Bruzilla, using you own data:
If “increases in demand in India and China, which are increasing at about 5% and 7% per year”, were averaged, let’s say that it is 6%. And their present consumption is 8 million barrels a day (“Indian demand is all of about 2 million barrels a day …and the Chinese are at about 6 million a day”) .
6% of 8 million barrels a day = .48 million barrels a day /year increase due to India and China.
1% of 23 million barrels a day = .23 million barrels a day /year increase due to US.
Everybody understands that [presently] the US consumes more oil than China and India put together. However, using the data that you provide, it is clear that China and India are driving the increase in demand at twice that rate of the US. (BTW, I have heard – I am not quoting facts that I can reference – that recently US consumption has decreased). To the extent that increase in demand is an important factor in the present market situation, the effect that India and China are having on the market is a lot more than “a drop in the bucket” not only as a percentage but also as an absolute amount.
Impunitas semper ad deteriora invitat.
Poker Player
July 9, 2008 - 22:20 ET by Poker PlayerNo, it isn't clear that China and India are......
The real question is how much oil is being produced versus what is being used. Best I can tell there has been no shortage. All the increases are tied to speculation that something bad will happen that will reduce production.
Today's excuse was that Iran has missiles. Heck, Iran had missiles yesterday and we all knew it.
Something bad happened in 2006. Fix it.
It is clear...
July 9, 2008 - 23:12 ET by mvfreemanhttp://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/china-says-oil-imports-soar/story.aspx?guid={EFEC3C0F-BADB-493E-B726-9168305BFC40}
http://www.businessw...
http://news.xinhuane...
http://uk.reuters.co...
http://www.nationmas...
http://www.nationmas...
In May of this year China exceeded Japan as the second largest importer of oil behind the U.S.
I'm not sure what you are referring to in 2006 because oil prices had been steadily increasing and actually fell quite a bit in 2007.
http://en.wikipedia....
Didn't you get the memo from
July 9, 2008 - 15:23 ET by Chris NormanDidn't you get the memo from Bill O'Reilly that high gas prices are due to speculators and "greedy" oil companies? He told one writer who questioned him on this to "wise up" - which actually is to "dumb down".
McNotObama '08
Yeah, I got it Chris
July 9, 2008 - 15:25 ET by Cool ArrowAnd though I'm right in there with O'Reilly on most issues, he's definitel pandering left on this one.
LYDSEXICS UNTIE
CA, that's one of my major
July 9, 2008 - 17:16 ET by Chris NormanCA, that's one of my major beefs with O'Reilly. Just when you think he makes a lot of sense, he will suddenly go completely off the track with something like this. It's like he can't stand being regarded as "just another conservative", so he tries to prove he's not by acting like a Lou Dobbs populist. To me, it damages his credibility and seriousness.
McNotObama '08
→ Right Chris
July 9, 2008 - 17:23 ET by Cool ArrowWhile we're cheering him on with his chid protection campaign against Vermont and Massachusetts, he has to throw in his two cents about something he's clueless on.
LYDSEXICS UNTIE
This isn't rocket science but...
July 9, 2008 - 16:41 ET by Parker1227Oil speculators fall into two main groups. Those who are gambling on the price to continue to increase, and raking in big profits as long as they do, and big fuel users, like the airlines, who buy long term "futures" contracts to lock in prices for planning and stability.
Both groups create demand, if only on paper, which pushes prices up. Since it is an international market, I doubt if anyone could easily control speculation/investment in oil, nor would it be wise to.
These investors are sending everyone a strong signal that we need to get off our "bottoms" and produce more energy to meet growing demand. Nuclear, wind, solar, clean coal, and more DRILLING!
Any politician who resists must be thrown out of office. Our economic well-being is at stake.
And on the other hand...
July 9, 2008 - 16:45 ET by Prester John....you have T. Boone Pickesn, a man who has spent 60 years in the oil business, saying that it all boils down to 86 million barrel per day demand versus an 85 million barrel per day supply.
As long as demand outstrips supply won't the price just keep going up?
T. Boone Pickins
July 9, 2008 - 17:25 ET by Cool ArrowHis ads are running here in Texas. He's got my attention.
LYDSEXICS UNTIE
But there is a disconnect between oil and gasoline
July 9, 2008 - 17:23 ET by c5thenSince 2004 the price of oil has increased 3.5x (from $40 per barrel to $140 per barrel) while the price of a gallon of gas has increased from $1.90 to $4.00 which is only a 2.11x increase. So how is it possible that the price of the 'commodity' has increased by 3.5x yet the price of the product derived from that commodity has increased only 2x? Could it be that the refineries don't actually pay the open market price but negotiate their own prices?
The day that "politician" became a career choice is the day we started losing the Republic. Let's get it back! Alan Keyes '08.
I agree, Chris
July 9, 2008 - 17:35 ET by Parker1227OReilly is nuts to blame oil companies for the price of oil and gas. They produce oil and gasoline, the market sets price based on demand. And speculators have pushed the price up some, but they are a symptom of low supply, not the cause of it. And they play a valuable role in signaling that we need to change the status quo.
The cause of low supply and increased prices is demand outstripping supply, plain and simple. We must pruduce more oil AND start converting to non-oil sources like nuclear etc., (to provide electricity for hydrogen and or electric cars). But this conversion will take decades, and if we don't increase oil production we will be saddled with $16 a gallon gas instead of $6 a gallon gas five years from now.
When you buy a newspaper,
July 9, 2008 - 21:48 ET by robert108When you buy a newspaper, you are speculating that what's in it will be worth what you paid for it.
SOS Now
July 10, 2008 - 00:00 ET by River CityI received an email from Air Tran today advocating for regulation of speculators. They sent me a link to this website. Quite a few airlines are pushing this. It is called "Stop Speculation Now". It sounds like more rent seeking by the airlines to me. They will never learn that the government is the cause of their problems NOT their savior.
"Money is the scourge of the men who attempt to reverse the law of causality--the men who seek to replace the mind by seizing the products of the mind." Ayn Rand
heh
July 10, 2008 - 22:20 ET by Poker PlayerNone of the links show an actual shortage. As for 2006:
<blockquote>Then, apparently to make sure the way was opened really wide to potential market oil price manipulation, in January 2006, the Bush Administration’s CFTC permitted the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE), the leading operator of electronic energy exchanges, to use its trading terminals in the United States for the trading of US crude oil futures on the ICE futures exchange in London – called “ICE Futures.” </blockquote>
http://www.huntingtonnews.net/columns/080511-engdahl-columnsoilprice.html